Nobel Prize in Medicine: Understanding Our Immune System – Level 1

Three scientists won the big Nobel Prize in Medicine. They found something new about our body’s defense system. This system is like an army that protects us from germs, like viruses and bacteria. Every day, it fights to keep us healthy.

The scientists learned about special cells. These are called T-regulatory cells. Think of them as the army’s generals. They tell the soldier cells what to do. They help the soldiers know the difference between a bad germ and our own body. This is very important.

Sometimes, the body’s army makes a mistake. It can attack our own body. This causes a serious sickness. Also, some cancers can trick the generals, so the army doesn’t fight the cancer cells. This discovery helps doctors understand these problems. It gives hope for new ways to treat sicknesses like cancer and diabetes. It is a very important step for medicine.

New Words:

1. Prize : An award given to someone for winning a competition or for their great work.
Example: She won a prize for being the best student in her class.

2. Body : The whole physical structure of a person or animal.
Example: It is important to take care of your body by eating healthy food.

3. Sickness : A feeling of being unwell or an illness.
Example: He could not go to school because of his sickness.